Mauritania: Green Hydrogen Code

Mauritania’s Green Hydrogen Code, passed in September 2024, establishes a comprehensive legal and institutional framework to promote green hydrogen development. The code introduces substantial tax incentives, including exemptions from VAT and corporate tax, to attract both foreign and domestic investors. The Mauritanian Agency for Green Hydrogen was also created to oversee project development and ensure regulatory transparency. Under this framework, developers are required to sign a framework agreement with the government, typically valid for two years with a possible one-year extension. This agreement outlines the terms for conducting pre-feasibility and feasibility studies essential for green hydrogen projects. 

Senegal: Fresh Incentives for Energy Projects

Senegal’s petroleum framework provides negotiated stabilization clauses and tailored fiscal terms for large offshore developments. Production sharing contracts and concession agreements secure fixed tax regimes, customs arrangements and contractual terms for the project’s duration. In recent years, government reforms have reviewed state participation, occasionally revisiting contracts to improve revenue distribution and enhance local content. On the renewables side, fiscal incentives include VAT exemptions and customs relief on solar, wind and biogas equipment, established under a 2020 ministerial decree and sector laws. The Renewable Energy Law further enables feed-in and self-consumption schemes, complemented by tax credits and accelerated depreciation to attract private investment.

The Gambia: EPZL

The Gambia incentivizes export-focused investment through its Export Processing Zone License (EPZL). Companies exporting at least 80% of their products benefit from full corporate tax exemptions, VAT relief on imported inputs, import-duty waivers and excise duty exemptions. Investors exporting 30–80% of output can access a 10% corporate or turnover tax concession for five years. EPZL holders also enjoy depreciation allowances for capital assets and municipal tax waivers. These measures, administered by the Gambia Investment & Export Promotion Agency, are designed to boost foreign direct investment, strengthen export competitiveness and support economic growth in priority sectors like agriculture, fisheries, manufacturing and energy.

Guinea-Bissau: Investment Incentives for Projects over $80M

Guinea-Bissau offers tailored incentives for projects with a minimum investment of $80 million. These projects may qualify for additional benefits through an Investment Contract Agreement approved by the Council of Ministers. These incentives encompass exemptions from business and property taxes, as well as reductions in land fees, providing a stable fiscal environment for large-scale energy projects. The Guinea-Bissau Investment Promotion Agency facilitates these processes, offering a single-window service for business registration and support, thereby streamlining the investment experience for potential investors.  

Guinea-Conakry: Negotiated Fiscal Terms for Mining and Energy Projects

Guinea-Conakry offers tailored fiscal terms for major mining and energy projects, allowing companies to negotiate aspects such as tax rates, customs duties and stability clauses within their contracts. These agreements, governed by the 2011 Mining Code and the 2014 Petroleum Code, provide a framework for state participation and revenue sharing. The Agency for the Promotion of Private Investments serves as a one-stop agency, facilitating business establishment within 72 hours, offering access to investment incentives and providing ongoing support throughout the investment process.